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ELEMENTS OF CONTEXT
HISTORY
DEMOGRAPHY
SOCIO-ECONOMICAL CONTEXT
HABITAT
HISTORY OF CITIES – HERITAGE
URBAN HOUSING
RURAL HOUSING
Legal Aspects
RIGHT TO HOUSING
Since 1999 in the Constitution:
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Article 41: 1. The Confederation and the Cantons shall strive to complement individual responsibility and private initiative, that: (e) any person seeking housing can find for herself and her family, housing appropriate reasonable conditions.
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Article 108: 1. Confederation encourage housing construction and the acquisition of apartments and family houses for the personal use of individuals and activities of developers and organizations working in the housing utility. 2. It particularly encourages the acquisition and development of land for housing construction, streamlined construction, lowering the cost and lowering the cost of housing. (…) 4. In doing so, it takes into account the interests of families and the elderly, disabled or in need.
Source: CETIM – publication COHRE (1)
Switzerland has not yet signed nor ratified the Revised European Social Charter.
Video on the right to housing in Switzerland / Geneva: Video on Alachaine website. If the law exists, it seems to be the implementation of the Act which makes the problem even to some lawyers. (2)
FORCED EVICTION
A court eviction was set up by social movements in Geneva. Alachaine.ch The website offers a series of video demonstrations of the court, especially on housing issues in Switzerland. Alachaine website (2)
LAND RIGHTS
LAND GRABBING
VULNERABLE GROUPS
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Homelessness
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Joungpeople
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Old people
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Women
SOME INTERESTING PRACTICES
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HOUSING COOPERATIVES : Video Site alachaine.ch on cooperative participatory people of Geneva (2) – THE MEHR ALS WOHNEN DISTRICT OF ZURICH is a group of 60 existing housing cooperatives which is building an eco-district whose development and funding is entirely in the hands of the people. This cooperative model has been replicated in Geneva (Switzerland) and France (Habicoop). This draft of Social Production of Habitat aims to do ‘more than housing’, involving the cooperatives in the design and implementation of innovative neighborhoods. Read more : http://urbamonde.org/site/sites/urbamonde.org/files/Brochure%20PSH%2002_WEB.pdf
Social and economic aspects
HOUSING MARKET
QUALITY OF HOUSING
INFORMAL HOUSING / SLUM / HOMELESS
HOMELESS : A homeless receive an admission card allowing him to spend a few nights in a night shelter. It is currently (2013) 30 nights throughout the winter. Night shelters, Switzerland, are often PCs, ie anti-atomic shelter of Civil Protection. This dates from the time when, in the country, all new construction gave rise to such mandatory shelter construction. Obviously, this means that the homeless are housed underground with no or few windows. (Source: Court Evictions – Geneva 2013).
ROLE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
– ACCESS TO PROPERTY
The Federal Law of October 1974, encouraging housing construction and ownership (LCAP, RS 843) aims to promote housing construction and the equipment of land for this purpose, to lower the cost of rental accommodation, and to facilitate the acquisition of ownership of apartments and family houses.
In December 31, 2001, the encouragement in the context of LCAP was suspended. However, the aid accorder under the LCAP will not be affected. It will rather continue for 25 years and LCAP will remain its legal basis.
– HOUSING MODERATE RENT
On 21 March 2003, the Parliament adopted a new Federal law encouraging low-cost rental accommodation (LOG, RS 842). This new Act provides for direct and indirect support and it takes into account in particular the interests of families, single parent families, the disabled, the elderly in need and those in training. However, the direct loans furnished by the Confederation were suspended until the end of 2008 pursuant to decisions taken under the 2003 budget reduction programme.
Source : FEANTSA, 2012 (3)
Cultural aspects – Religious – Symbolic
Environmental aspects
Bibliography & Sitography
MAJOR PROBLEMS BY CIVIL SOCIETY
CLAIMS MAJOR CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVIL SOCIETY ACTORS
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ASSOCIATION SUISSE DES LOCATAIRES – ASLOCA / SCHWEIZERISCHER MIETERINNEN- UND MIETERVERBAND – SMV / ASSOCIAZIONE SVIZZERA INQUILINI – ASI (association of tenants) = aims to group for, to inform and defend the individual and collective interests of tenants. It operates in three regions : western Switzerland, Swiss German and Swiss Italian, with reflections and different tools depending on the region. Western Switzerland website – Italian Switzerland website – German Switzerland website – contact in three languages.
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ARCHITECTS OF EMERGENCY = Foundation has its headquarters in France – Switzerland – Australia and Canada and brings his expertise to the disaster victims. It is specifically a double action field : Emergency action is to measure the risks to populations in order to reach safety , particularly at the building – a reconstruction effort following the disaster (reconstruction of the building – relocation of displaced persons) for the sake of training and use of local products. website – contact.
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URBAMONDE = association is committed to vulnerable populations of cities and regions of the South in the field of regional planning. It favors an approach to risk prevention and improvement of conditions ” city ” . Three areas of work : building local planning skills – think transversely territory – permanently inhabit the territories ‘at risk’. website – contact